Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are increasingly used in financial services, due to a combination of increased data availability and computing power. The use of AI and ML by market intermediaries and asset managers may be altering firms’ business models. The IOSCO Board approved a mandate in April 2019 for Committee 3 on Regulation of Market Intermediaries (C3) and Committee 5 on Investment Management (C5) to examine best practices arising from the supervision of AI and ML.